do good services

⁺ V 0-0-0-4-6=10 Ps 12(13),6; 56(57),3; 114(116),7; Est 8,12c; 2 Mc 10,38

A: to be a benefactor Est 8,12c; to do good services to, to show kindness to [τινα] Ps 12(13),6 P: to be benefited Wis 3,5

Cf. SPICQ 1978a, 308-309; →NIDNTT; TWNT

εὐεργετ-έω, the augm. εὐηργ- is sts. found, esp. in codd., as [tense] impf.

A

εὐηργέτουν X.Ap. 26

: [tense] aor.

εὐηργέτησα Ar.Pl. 835

, v.l. in Din.1.16, but

ηὐεργέτησα Lys. 9.14

: [tense] pf. εὐηργέτηκα v.l. in Lycurg.140: [tense] pf. [voice] Pass.

εὐηργέτημαι X. Mem.2.2.3

, SIG798.5 (Cyzicus, i A. D.), but Inscrr. and Pap. have

εὐεργέτηκα IG22.573

(iv B. C.),

εὐεργέτημαι PLond.2.169.26

(i A. D.),

εὐεργετήθην IG7.2808

(Hyettus, iii A. D.),

ηὐεργετημένοι PTeb.326.16

(iii A. D.):— to be a benefactor, S.Ph. 670, IG22.786, etc.; [

Ἰησοῦς] διῆλθεν -τῶν Act.Ap.10.38

.

2 to be proclaimed as

εὐεργέτης 1.2

, JHS10.76 (Patara, i A. D.).

II c. acc. pers., do good services or show kindness to one,

τοὺς θανόντας εἰ θέλεις εὐεργετεῖν A.Fr.266.1

, cf. Eu. 725, E. Ion 1540, Lys. l.c., etc.;

ὁ νόμος βούλεται -τεῖν βίον ἀνθρώπων Democr.248

;

εὐ. τὸν δῆμον IG22.791.25

, etc.;

τὸν θεὸν εὐεργετηκότες SIG417.13

(Delph., iii B. C.): c. acc. cogn.,

εὐ. τινὰ τὴν μεγίστην εὐεργεσίαν Pl.Ap. 36c

, cf. R. 615b; ὅ τι ἂν ἡμᾶς εὐεργετήσῃς ib. 345a; μεγάλως or μεγάλα εὐ., X.Cyr.8.2.10, 12: c. dat. rei, χρήμασιν εὐ. ib. 2:—[voice] Pass., have a kindness done one,

εὐεργεσίαν εὐεργετηθείς Pl.Grg. 520c

;

μείζω εὐηργετημένοι X.Mem.2.2.3

;

καί τι εὐεργέτηται ὑπ' ἐμοῦ Pl.Cri. 43a

;

ἀντὶ πολλῶν καὶ μεγάλων ὧν εὐεργετήθη παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ IG7.2808

(Hyettus, iii A. D.);

εὐεργετούμενος εἰς χρήματα Pl.Smp. 184b

.

τέλος, εος, τό, ([etym.] τέλλομαι, τέλλω)

A coming to pass, performance, consummation,

εἰ γὰρ ἐπ' ἀρῇσιν τ. ἡμετέρῃσι γένοιτο Od.17.496

;

ἐν [θεοῖς] τ. ἐστὶν ὁμῶς ἀγαθῶν τε κακῶν τε Hes.Op. 669

; δίκη δ' ὑπὲρ ὕβριος ἴσχει ἐς τ. ἐξελθοῦσα issuing in fulfilment, execution, ib. 218;

καθάπερ ἐκ δίκης κατὰ νόμον τ. ἐχούσης PEleph.1.12

(iv B.C.), cf. IG12(7).67.48 (Arcesine, iv/iii B.C.);

καθήκει νῦν [τὰν γνώμαν] ἐπὶ τέλος ἀχθῆμεν SIG793.7

(Halasarna, i A.D.); ἔλπομαι μέν, ἐν θεῷ γε μὰν τ. Pi.O.13.105, cf. N.8.45, 10.29, D.18.193;

ἢν θεὸς ἀγαθὸν τ. διδῷ αὐτῷ X.Cyr.3.2.29

;

ἐν πείρᾳ τ. διαφαίνεται Pi.N.3.70

;

ψευστήσεις, οὐδ' αὖτε τ. μύθῳ ἐπιθήσεις Il.19.107

, cf. Isoc.5.71, 6.77; result,

τ. δ' οὔ πώ τι πέφανται Il.2.122

;

εἵως κε τ. πολέμοιο κιχείω 3.291

;

ἐν γὰρ χερσὶ τ. πολέμου 16.630

; ἶσον τείνειεν πολέμου τ. 20. 101, cf. Hes.Th. 638 (but ἢ πολέμοιο ἢ λοιμοῖο τ. ποτιδέγμενοι the coming to pass (outbreak) of.., A.R.4.1282); τί μὰν ἀφήσει τ.; S. OC 1468 (lyr.); τί ἔσται τὸ τ. τῶν γιγνομένων τούτων ἐμοί; Hdt.1.155, cf. Isoc.6.50; ἀποίητον.. θέμεν ἔργων τ. undo things done, Pi.O.2.17; ὁδοῦ τ. S.OC 1400; φόνου τ. A.R.1.834;

τοῦ δ' ὔμμι τέλος κρηῆναι ἔοικεν Id.3.172

; τῷ τ. πίστιν φέρων the outcome, S.El. 735; Ζεὺς πάντων ἐφορᾷ τ. Sol.13.17;

ἀκόλουθον τὸ τ. ἐξέβη τοῦ κινδύνου ταῖς ἐπιβολαῖς Plb.4.11.9

;

ἀμφίδοξα τὰ τ. τῶν κινδύνων αὐτοῖς ἀπέβαινε Id.18.28.11

, cf. 18.32.12, 3.5.7;

τ. τοιόνδε ἐγένετο τῆς μάχης Hdt. 9.22

, cf. Plb.1.61.2; μάχης.. κεκύρωται τ. A.Ch. 874; διὰ μάχης ἥξω τέλους, = διὰ μάχης ἥξω, Id.Supp. 475; ἐπ' ἀμφότερα μαχᾶν τάμνειν τ. to seek to determine the issue of the battles in both directions, Pi.O.13.57; more generally, event,

οὐ γὰρ ἔγωγέ τί φημι τ. χαριέστερον εἶναι ἢ ὅτε.. Od.9.5

: in concrete sense, result, product,

τ. εὐπεψίας αἱματικῆς πιμελὴ καὶ στέαρ Arist.PA 672a4

, cf. GA 725b8.

2 in contexts like Hes.Op. 669, Il.16.630 (v. supr.), τ. can be understood as power of deciding, supreme power, and so we have

τ. μὲν Ζεὺς ἔχει.. πάντων ὅσ' ἐστί Semon.1.1

;

ἐν δ' ἐμοὶ τ. αὐτοῖν γένοιτο τῆσδε τῆς μάχης πέρι S.OC 423

; [

Ἄπολλον].. ὅθεν πολεμόκραντον ἁγνὸν, τ. ἐν μάχᾳ A.Th. 162

(lyr.);

τελέων τελειότατον κράτος, ὄλβιε Ζεῦ Id.Supp. 525

(lyr.);

τ. ἔχει δαίμων βροτοῖς, τ. ὅπᾳ θέλει E.Or. 1545

(lyr.);

τ. δ' ἐφ' ἡμῖν, εἴτε.. εἴτε.. Id.Hel. 887

; καὶ τοῖσ' (sc. ἰητροῖς) οὐδὲν ἔπεστι τ. they have no power or efficacy, Sol.13.58: and in the civil sphere, τ. ἔχειν, of persons, to have the power to ratify, IG12.57.25, Foed. ap. Th.4.118, Arist.Pol. 1322b13; ὅ τι ἂν δόξῃ τοῖς πλείοσι τοῦτ' εἶναι τ. the decision of the majority must be final, ib. 1317b6; κύριος ἔστω ἐπιβάλλειν κατὰ τὸ τ. shall have authority to inflict a fine up to the limit of his powers, Lexap.D.43.75;

κατὰ τὸ τ. ζημιοῦσθαι Is.4.11

; τοῖς κατ' ἐμπορίαν παραγιγνομένοις μηδὲν ἔστω τ. πλὴν ἐπὶ κήρυκι ἢ γραμματεῖ Foed. ap. Plb.3.22.8; τ. ἔχειν, of things, to have decisive or final authority,

σφῷν μὲν ἐντολὴ Διὸς ἔχει τ. δή A.Pr. 13

; ἡ.. τούτου αἰτίασις οὐκ ἔχει τ. has no validity, Antipho 5.89; πρὶν τ. τι αὐτῶν ἔχειν before any of the terms had validity, i.e. had been ratified, Th.5.41, cf. D.35.27; τοῦ ζῆν καὶ μὴ ζῆν τὸ τ. ἐστὶν ἐν τῷ ἀναπνεῖν the decisive difference between.., Arist.Resp. 480b19.

3 magistracy, office,

τ. δωδεκάμηνον Pi.N.11.9

( δυω- codd.); οἱ ἐν τ. men in office, magistrates, S.Aj. 1352, Ph. 385, Th.3.36; ἔξω τῶν βασιλέων καὶ τῶν μάλιστα ἐν τ. Id.1.10, cf. 6.88;

οἱ ἐν τέλεϊ ἐόντες Hdt.3.18

, 9.106; poet.,

οἱ ἐν τέλει βεβῶτες S.Ant.67

; οἱ τὰ τ. ἔχοντες Foed. ap. Th.5.47;

ὂρ μέγιστον τ. ἔχοι Schwyzer409.3

(Elis, V B.C.);

τοὺς.. τὸ ὁροφυλακικὸν τ. ἔχοντας SIG633.94

(Milet., ii B.C.); τὸ τ. the government,

τοιαῦτ' ἔδοξε τῷδε Καδμείων τέλει A.Th. 1030

; τὰ τ. the magistrates, Th. (with a masc. part. and pl. (v.l.) verb) 1.58, 4.15, X.An.2.6.4.

4 decision, doom,

Ζεὺς.. οἶδε, ὁπποτέρῳ θανάτοιο τ. πεπρωμένον ἐστί Il.3.309

;

Κῆρες δὲ παρεστήκασι.., ἡ μὲν ἔχουσα τ. γήραος ἀργαλέου, ἡ δ' ἑτέρη θανάτοιο Mimn.2.6

; μήτηρ.. μέ φησι διχθαδίας Κῆρας φερέμεν θανάτοιο τέλος δέ (or τέλοσδε) Il.9.411, cf. 13.602; ἐξέφυγον θανάτου τ. Archil.6.3;

τ. θανάτου ἀλεείνων Od.5.326

;

τ. θανάτοιο κάλυψεν Il.5.553

;

οὐδέ κέ μ' ὦκα τ. θανάτοιο κιχείη 9.416

, cf. 11.451;

ἡμετέρου θανάτοιο κακὸν τ., οἷον ἐτύχθη Od.24.124

, cf. A.Th. 906 (lyr.):—judicial decision,

ἀμμενῶ τ. δίκης Id.Eu. 243

; κύριον μένει τ. ib. 544 (lyr.); οὐκ ἔχουσα τῆς δίκης τ. not having authority to decide the case, ib. 729; ἦ κἀπ' ἐμοὶ τρέποιτ' ἂν αἰτίας τ.; will you submit the decision of this case to me? ib. 434;

τὸ τ. κρίνειν Pl.Lg. 768b

; τ. ἐπιθέτω τῇ δίκῃ ib. 767a, cf. 761e, 957b; decision of an assembly, A. Supp. 603, 624; of a king, Id.Ag. 934; ἐξαιτράπης ἐὼν Ἰωνίης, τ. ἐποίησε τὴν γῆν εἶναι Μιλησίων prob. in SIG134b30 (Milet., iv B.C.); ὥς τοι ἐγὼ μύθου τ. ἐν φρεσὶ θείω the summing up or crux of the matter, Il.16.83.

5 something done or ordered to be done, task, service, duty, γνῶ.. ὅ οἱ οὔ τι τ. κατὰ καίριον ἦλθεν on no fatal errand, Il.11.439 (nisi leg. κατακαίριον)

; οὐδὲ μακύνων τ. οὐδέν Pi.P.4.286

; ὅσοις τοῦτ' ἐπέσταλται τ. A.Eu. 743, cf. Ag. 908; μ' Ἀπόλλων τῷδ' ἐπέστησεν τέλει ib. 1202, cf. Ch. 760; ἄυπνα ὀμμάτων τέλη the wakeful duties (or services) of the eyes, E.Supp. 1137 (lyr.); ἀμφοτερᾶν τοι χαρίτων.. ζεύξω τ. the rendering of both services, Pi.I.1.6; αἰτουμένῳ μοι κοῦφον εἰ δοίης τ. a small service or favour, A.Th. 260;

ἡξῶ ναὶ τὸν Πᾶνα κακὸν τ. αὐτίκα δωσῶν Theoc.4.47

; obligation to render a service or payment, ὅτε δὴ μισθοῖο τ. πολυγηθέες ὧραι ἐξέφερον the Payment(-day) of the wage, Il.21.450;

οἱ δ' ἐλάττω τῶν ἱκανῶν κεκτημένοι, τὴν ἀναγκαίαν ἀτέλειαν ἔχοντες, ἔξω τοῦ τ. εἰσὶ τούτου D.20.19

, cf. Poll.8.156; ἐν τέλει μαθεῖν to be taught for a fee, Id.4.46.

6 pl., services or offerings due to the gods,

δαίμοσιν θῦσαι θέλουσα πελανόν, ὧν τέλη τάδε A.Pers. 204

;

ἔνθ' ὁρίζεται βωμοὺς τ. τ' ἔγκαρπα Κηναίῳ Διί S.Tr. 238

; ἔλιπον Ζηνὶ τροπαίῳ πάγχαλκα τ. Id.Ant. 143 (anap.);

γῇ δὲ τῇδε Σισύφου σεμνὴν ἑορτὴν καὶ τέλη προσάψομεν E.Med. 1382

;

θεοῖσι μικρὰ θύοντες τέλη Id.Fr.327.6

; of the Eleusinian mysteries, οὗ πότνιαι σεμνὰ τιθηνοῦνται τ. S.OC 1050 (lyr.), cf. Fr. 837;

σεμνῶν ἐς ὄψιν καὶ τ. μυστηρίων E.Hipp.25

; called μεγάλα τ., Pl.R. 560e; rarely in sg., τοῦδε μυστικοῦ τέλους this mystic rite, A.Fr. 387; of the marriage rite,

τ. γάμοιο Od.20.74

, cf.A.R.4.1202, AP6.276 (Antip.); γαμήλιον τ. A.Eu. 835; τὰ νυμφικὰ τ. S.Ant. 1241;

τ. ὁ γάμος ἐκαλεῖτο Poll.3.38

, cf. Paus.Gr.Fr.306, Sch.Ar.Th. 982, Stob.2.7.3a.

7 service rendered by a citizen in the Solonian constitution to the state, also his rating according to this service, θητικοῦ ἀντὶ τέλους ἱππάδ' ἀμειψάμενος Epigr. ap. Arist.Ath.7.4; τιμήματι διεῖλεν εἰς τέτταρα τ. four ratings or classes, ib.7.3; later, τὸ τῶν ἱππέων τ., Lat. ordo equester, D.C.48.45, al.

8 dues exacted by the state, Ar.V. 658 (pl.), Pl.R. 425d (pl.); ἀγορᾶς τ. a market- toll, Ar.Ach. 896; πορνικὸν τ. Aeschin.1.119; τ. πρίασθαι, πωλεῖν, farm a tax or let it, D.24.144, Aeschin. l.c.; ἐκλέγειν. πράττειν, levy it, D.l.c., Alex.263.3, Aeschin.3.113; τελεῖν pay a tax or duty, Pl.Lg. 847b; εἰ τὰ τ. τελεῖ, ποῖον τ. τελεῖ, questions put to candidates at Athens, Din.2.17, Arist.Ath.7.4;

τέλη κατατίθησιν Antipho 5.77

;

καταβαλεῖν And.1.93

; freq. in Inscrr., IG12.46.12, al., SIG135.14 (Olynthus, iv B.C.), al., and Papyri, τὸ ὡρισμένον τῆς αἰτήσεως τ., etc., POxy.1473.30 (iii A.D.), cf. PCair.Zen.240.7 (iii B.C.), etc.: metaph., τέλη λύειν, v. λύω v. 2.

9 financial means, expenditure, usu. in dat. pl., ὃς ἂν τοῖς ἰδίοις τ. μὴ ἑαυτὸν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν πόλιν ὠφελῇ by the use of his own means, Th.6.16; κακῶς ἡμᾶς αὐτοὺς ποιούντων τέλεσι τοῖς οἰκείοις if we harm ourselves at our own expense, Id.4.60;

ἀναγραψάτω.. τέλεσι τοῖς Λεωνίδου IG 12.56.22

, cf. 94.14, al.;

Χερρόνησον τοῖς αὑτοῦ τ. διορύξει D.6.30

;

δημοσίοις τέλεσι Plu.Phoc.38

: in nom. sg., μάτην γὰρ οἴκῳ σὸν τόδ' ἐκβαίη τ. E.Fr. 639.

10 a military station or post with defined duties (cf. signf. 5), ἐλθεῖν εἰς φυλάκων ἱερὸν τ. Il.10.56; αἶψα δ' ἐπὶ Θρῃκῶν ἀνδρῶν τ. ἷξον ἰόντες ib. 470; δόρπον ἔπειθ' ἑλόμεσθα κατὰ στρατὸν ἐν τελέεσσιν at our posts, in the ranks, 11.730, cf. 18.298; later, military unit, division, squadron,

τέλει ἑνὶ τῶν ἱππέων Th.2.22

, cf. 4.96;

πελταστῶν τέλη E.Rh. 311

;

κατὰ τέλεα Hdt.1.103

, 7.87, al.;

κατὰ τέλη Th.6.42

, Plb.11.11.6, cf. 11.15.2, Polyaen.2.1.17; in the Roman army, legion, J.AJ14.16.2, BJ1.17.9, Plu.Ant.18.56, App.BC5.87, al.

b a force of 2048 infantry, = μεραρχία, Ascl. Tact.2.10, Arr.Tact.10.5, Ael.Tact.9.7.

c a force of 2048 cavalry, Ascl.Tact.7.11, Arr.Tact.18.4, Ael.Tact.20.2.

II δίρρυμά τε καὶ τρίρρυμα τέλη troops or columns of.. chariots, A.Pers.47 (anap.); of ships,

τρία τ. ποιήσαντες τῶν νεῶν Th.1.48

: also ὀρνίθων τέλεα flocks of birds, v.l. for γένεα, Hdt.2.64;

τ. ἀθανάτων A.Fr. 151

(anap.).

12 a territorial division, Στρατικὸν τ. SIG421.44 (Acarnania, iii B.C.); Κορωνείων τὸ τ. Supp.Epigr.3.354 (Thebes, iii B.C.); τὸ Λοκρικὸν τ. GDI2070 (Delph., ii B.C.).

II degree of completion or attainment,

τόσσον μὲν ἔχον τ., οὔατα δ' οὔ πω.. προσέκειτο Il.18.378

; degree of maturity, age,

ἐπὴν δὴ τοῦτο τ. παραμείψεται ὥρης Mimn.2.9

;

ἥβης πρὶν τ. ἄκρον ἰδεῖν Simon.123

;

ἥβης τ. μολόντας E.Med. 920

; εἰς ἀνδρὸς τ. ἰέναι man's estate, Pl.Mx. 249a;

εἰς πρεσβύτου τ. ἀφικομένοις Id.Epin. 992d

;

τὸ τῶν παίδων τ. ἄδηλον οἷ τελευτᾷ κακίας καὶ ἀρετῆς ψυχῆς τε πέρι καὶ σώματος Id.Smp. 181e

;

οὐδὲ γήρως ἔβας τ. σὺν τᾷδε E.Alc. 413

(lyr.).

b a length of time (or space), term, course, ἀρετάς, αἷσι Κλεωνυμίδαι θάλλοντες αἰεὶ σὺν θεῷ θνατὸν διέρχονται βιότου τ. Pi.I.4(3).5(23); so perh. in E.Hipp.87 (v. infr. 3), and in διὰ τέλους (v. infr. 2 c).

2 state of completion or maturity, τ. λαβεῖν, ἔχειν, of plants or animals, to attain maturity, Pl.Phdr. 276b, Lg. 834c, cf. 899e: hence, completion, end, finish, τ. ἐπιθεῖναι τῷ λόγῳ complete it, Id.Smp. 186a, cf. Prt. 348a; ὃ πᾶσι τοῖς προτέροις ἐπ έθηκε τ. as a finish to all his former acts, D.18.140;

τὸ τ. τῆς σκηνῆς ἐποιήσαντο X.Cyr.2.3.24

;

ταύτης.. τῆς ἡμέρας τοῦτο τὸ τ. ἐγένετο Id.An.1.10.18

; τ. λαβεῖν to be completed, Pl.R. 501e, Isoc.4.5;

τ. ἔχειν Pl.Lg. 772c

; οὐ τ. ἵκεο μύθων didst not reach the end of thy speech, Il.9.56;

ἐπὶ τέλους τοῦ δρόμου Pl.R. 613d

;

μέχρι τοῦ τὸ προκείμενον ἐπὶ τέλος ἀχθῆναι PTeb.14.8

(ii B.C.);

ἑκάστων πρὸς τέλος ἀχθέντων UPZ108.29

(ii B.C.), cf. BGU1816.11 (i B.C.);

ἡ εἰκοστὴ τοῦ νοσήματος ἡμέρα τ. μὲν τριῶν ἑβδομάδων, ἓξ δὲ τετράδων Gal.18(2).234

:—freq. in Adverbial phrases:

a τέλος at last,

ὥστε τ. ἡσυχίαν ἦγον Th.2.100

, cf. 5.46; but most freq. at the beginning of the clause,

μάχης δὲ καρτερῆς γενομένης, τέλος οὐδέτεροι νικήσαντες διέστησαν Hdt.1.76

, cf.4.131, al.;

τέλος δέ Id.1.36

, Thgn. 1294, etc.; ἀλλὰ τ. Hdt.6.137;

τ. μέντοι Id.5.89

, X.HG5.4.30;

τ. γε μέντοι S.Ant. 233

; καὶ τ. Hdt.4.154, Th.1.109; τό γε τ. Pl.Lg. 740e.

b < ἐς τ. in the end, in the long run,

πάντως ἐς τ. ἐξεφάνη Sol.13.28

, cf. Hdt.9.37; εἰς τ. S.Ph. 409;

θνητῶν δ' εἰς τ. ὄλβιος οὐδείς E.IA 161

(anap.), cf. Hdt.3.40; ὁρῶντες τὴν Λιβύην εἰς τ. ἀβλαβῆ διαμένουσαν altogether, completely, Plb.1.20.7, cf. PTeb.38.11 (ii B.C.), OGI90.12 (Rosetta, ii B.C.), PSI10.1120.5 (i B.C./i A.D.); ἐς τ. ἄνυε μοίρας dub. l. in Theoc.1.93.

c διὰ τέλους (orig. perh. from signf. 1.1 or 5, or 11.1b, through the (whole) performance or time), through to the end, completely, A.Pr. 275, S.Aj. 685, E.Supp. 270, Isoc.5.24, 8.17, 19.4; throughout, all the time, always, Antipho 5.42, Timocl.8.5, Hegesipp.Com.2.3; so

διὰ τέλεος Hp.Acut.46

(= διὰ παντὸς καὶ ἀεί acc. to Gal.15.618);

διὰ τέλους ἀεί Pl.Phlb. 36e

; permanently, for good, τοῦ ἀφεθῆναί σε διὰ τ. PPetr.2p.45 (iii B.C.).

d ἐπὶ τέλος at the end, opp. ἐν ἀρχῇ, Gal.19.183.

e τέλει perh. in the end, S.OT 198 (lyr.).

3 esp. τ. ἔχειν βίου to have reached the end of life, to be dead, Pl.Lg. 801e;

ἐμοὶ μὲν τοῦ βίου τὸ τ. ἤδη πάρεστιν X.Cyr.8.7.6

;

πᾶσίν ἐστιν ἀνθρώποις τ. τοῦ βίου θάνατος D.57.27

;

εἰς τ. τοῦ ζῆν ἀφικνεῖσθαι S.OC 1530

: less freq. abs., death,

ἐλπίς ἐστι νύκτερον τ. μολεῖν A.Th. 367

(lyr.);

οἱ νεηνίαι οὐκέτι ἀνέστησαν ἀλλ' ἐν τέλεϊ τούτῳ ἔσχοντο Hdt.1.31

; ἔχει τὸ κάλλιστον τ. X.Cyr.7.3.11; ἔχει τ., = τετελεύτηκε, Laconian phrase acc. to Hsch.;

τῶν ἤδη τ. ἐχόντων Pl.Lg. 717e

, cf. 772c, BGU1857.7 (i B.C.); reversely,

τ. ἔχει τινά Pl.Lg. 740c

;

οἷόν σε βίου τ. εἷλε E.Rh. 735

(anap.):—but ὀλβίως ἔλυσεν τὸ τ. βίου has paid life's toll (cf. supr.1.8), S.OC 1720 (lyr.); τὸ τ. ὁ χρόνος ἀπαιτεῖ Poet. in Mus.Script.p.452 von Jan; also

τ. δὲ κάμψαιμ' ὥσπερ ἠρξάμην βίου E.Hipp.87

(cf. supr. 11.1b); πρὶν ἂν πέλας (v.l. τέλος)

γραμμῆς ἵκηται καὶ τ. κάμψῃ βίου Id.El. 955

-6.

4 end, cessation, ὡς δὲ πρὸς τ. γόων ἀφίκοντ' S.OC 1621; πῶς τροχηλάτου μανίας ἂν ἔλθοιμ' ἐς τ. πόνων τ' ἐμῶν; E.IT83; ὅταν δὴ πημάτων λάβῃ τ. Id.Hel. 534;

τ. δέχει δὴ τῶν ἐμῶν προσφθεγμά των Id.Hec. 413

;

ἡ μὲν οὖν ἐπανάστασις.. τοῦτο τὸ τ. ἔσχεν Hell.Oxy.10.3

;

ἐπειδὴ οὐχ οἷόν τε εἰς ἄπειρον, τ. ἔσται πάσης φορᾶς Arist.Metaph.

1074a30.

5 end of a word, A.D.Pron.12.25, al.; of a sentence,

ἐπὶ τέλει πρόσκειται Sor.1.43

, cf. Gal.15.20; of a chapter or book,

ἐπὶ τέλει ἀναλυθήσεται Archim.Sph.Cyl.2.4

, cf. Gal.15.10;

πρὸς τῷ τ. ῥηθήσεται Pl.Lg. 957b

;

πρὸς τῷ τ. τοῦ ἐντέρου Arist.PA 675a16

; ἀπὸ τέλους τοῦ σταδίου, opp. ἀπὸ μέσου, Id.Ph. 239b34 (cf. infr. 111.2).

III achievement, attainment,

τηλοῦ ἐμοὶ νόστοιο τ. γλυκεροῖο γενέσθαι Od.22.323

, cf. Pi.N.3.25;

τ. δὲ τῆς ἀπαλλαγῆς τοῦ Αἰθίοπος ὧδε ἔλεγον γενέσθαι Hdt.2.139

; πῶς ἂν καὶ τοῦτο τοῦ τ. τυγχάνοι, i.e. might be achieved, Gem.8.36.

2 winning-post, goal in a race,

πρὸς τ. ὀρνύμενον B.5.45

; in a contest,

ἔστιν δ' ἀφάνεια τύχας καὶ μαρναμένων, πρὶν τ. ἄκρον ἱκέσθαι Pi.I.4(3).32(50)

; εἰς τ. ἐλθεῖν, of runners in a race, Pl.R. 613c.

b prize, ἔφερε πυγμᾶς τ. Pi.O.10(11).67; οὐ γὰρ ἦν πενταέθλιον ἀλλ' ἐφ' ἑκάστῳ ἔργματι κεῖτο τ. Id.I.1.27;

ποτὶ γραμμᾷ μὲν αὐτὰν στᾶσεκοσμήσαις, τ. ἔμμεν ἄκρον Id.P.9.118

(perh. 'to be the winning post and prize');

κρίνεις τ. ἀρετᾶς B.10.6

: metaph.,

οὐκ ἔχω εἰπεῖν τίνι τοῦτο Μοῖρα τ. ἔμπεδον ὤρεξε Pi.N.7.57

.

3 Philos., full realization, highest point. ideal, ἅπτεσθαι τοῦ τ. Pl.Smp. 211b; πρὸς τ. ἰὼν τῶν ἐρωτικῶν ib. 210e;

πρὸς τ. ἀρετῆς ἐλθόντα Id.Clit. 410e

, cf. R. 613c.

b the end or purpose of action,

τ. εἶναι ἁπασῶν τῶν πράξεων τὸ ἀγαθόν Id.Grg. 499e

; freq. in Arist., EN 1094a18, al.: hence, the final cause, = τὸ οὗ ἕνεκα, Id.Metaph. 994b9, 996a26, al.; hence simply = τὸ ἀγαθόν, the chief good, Id.EN 1097a21, Zeno Stoic.1.45, etc.

εὐεργ-εσία, [dialect] Ion. [suff] εὐεργ-εσίη, ἡ,

A well-doing, opp. κακοεργίη, Od.22.374; opp. κακότης, Thgn.548, etc.

II a good deed, kindness,

εὐεργεσίας ἀποτίνειν Od.22.235

, cf. Hes.Th. 503 (pl.); ἡ ἐξ Ἱστιαίου εὐ. done by him, Hdt.5.11;

ἐκτίνειν Id.3.47

(pl.); εὐεργεσίας ἀποδέξασθαι ἔς τινας ib.67;

καταθέσθαι ἔς τινα Th.1.128

;

εὐ. πεποιημέναι ἔς τινα Hdt.4.165

;

προέσθαι X.An.7.7.47

;

προσφέρειν Pl.Grg. 513e

; opp.

εὐ. ἀπολαβεῖν Isoc.14.57

;

εὐ. ὀφείλεταί μοι Th.1.137

, cf. 32; ἀντ' εὐεργεσίης for service done, Simon.97.6, Theoc. 17.116, cf. B.1.47 (pl.), IG12.108;

ἀπ' εὐεργεσίας καθίστασαν τοὺς βασιλεῖς Arist.Pol. 1286b10

: c. gen., εὐ. τῆς πόλεως good service done the state, Pl.Lg. 850b: pl., public services,

τὰς τῶν προγόνων εὐεργεσίας Lys. 14.24

, etc.

2 ψηφίζεσθαί [τινι] εὐεργεσίαν to vote him the title of εὐεργέτης (q.v.), D.20.60, cf. IG22.29, etc.;

κείσεταί σοι εὐ. ἐν τῷ ἡμετέρῳ οἴκῳ ἐς αἰεὶ ἀνάγραπτος Th.1.129

, cf. X.HG1.1.26, etc.

III Εὐεργεσία, personified, = Lat. Liberalitas, D.C.71.34.

2 epith. of Hera at Argos, Hsch.

ἄγγελος, ου, ὁ (Hom.+) ‘messenger’.

① a human messenger serving as an envoy, an envoy, one who is sent

ⓐ by humans (Hom.+; ins, pap; Gen 32:4, 7; Jdth 1:11; 3:1; 1 Macc 1:44; 7:10; Jos., Ant. 14, 451, Vi. 89): in his earthly ministry Jesus ἀπέστειλεν ἀγγέλους (Diod S 2,18,1 the king of India to Semiramis; 4, 65, 4) Lk 9:52; of John the Baptist’s disciples 7:24; of Joshua’s scouts Js 2:25 (cp. Josh 7:22).

ⓑ by God (prophets Hg 1:13; Mal subscr.; a priest Mal 2:7.—1 Esdr 1:48f. S. also Theognis 1, 769, where the poet is Μουσέων ἄγγελος; Epict. 3, 22, 23; 38; Ael. Aristid. 37 K.=1 p. 15 D.; Maximus Tyr. 11, 9c Plato, as the one who brings us information about God, is called ὁ ἐξ Ἀκαδημίας ἄγγ.; Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 20, 3; 5 Carnus the soothsayer is ἄγγ. of the gods) of John the Baptist as forerunner Mt 11:10; Mk 1:2; Lk 7:27 (all Mal 3:1; cp. Ex 23:20).

② a transcendent power who carries out various missions or tasks, messenger, angel (ἄ. as a spirit-being, oft. connected w. the nether world in Gr-Rom. sources [EZiebarth, Neue attische Fluchtafeln: NGG 1899, 127ff no. 24; IG XII/3, 933–74. Other material in Dibelius, Geisterwelt 209ff. S. also the oracles: Theosophien 13 p. 169, 31; Ps.-Callisth. 1, 1, 3 ἐπεκαλεῖτο τοὺς ἀγγέλους καὶ θεὸν Ἄμμωνα; 2, 25, 1; Porphyr., Ad Marcellam 21 ἄγγελοι θεῖοί τε κ. ἀγαθοὶ δαίμονες; Hierocles 3, 424; 23, 468.—ἄ. w. θεοί and δαίμονες Damascius (V/VI A.D.) 183 Ruelle; ἄ. w. δαίμονες and ἥρωες Proclus, Rep. II 243 Kroll, Tim. III 109 Diehl.—FCumont, RHR 72, 1915, 159–82; FAndres, D. Engellehre d. griech. Apologeten 1914 and in Pauly-W. Suppl. III 1918, 101ff; Rtzst., Myst. 171, 2; Bousset, ARW 18, 1915, 170ff] and as a transcendent power in Judaism [LXX; En 10:7; 20:1; 99:3 al.; Essenes in Jos., Bell. 2, 142; Philo, cp. Schürer III 881–85 (on Philo) w. lit.; Joseph.; Test12Patr; prayers for vengeance fr. Rheneia (I B.C.) 9f κύριε ὁ πάντα ἐφορῶν καὶ οἱ ἄνγελοι θεοῦ; on this Dssm. LO 353f; 357=LAE 414; 418f; SIG 1181 w. note 2; PFouad 203, 3f (I A.D.); on this PBenoit, RB 58, ’51, 549–65; PKatz, TZ 10, ’54, 228–31. Loanw. in rabb.—Bousset, Rel. 320ff; J-BFrey, L’Angélologie juive au temps de J-Chr.: RSPT 5, 1911, 75–110; HKuhn, JBL 67, ’48, 217–32 Jewish apocalypses], likewise in the magical pap, w. their mixture of gentile and Jewish infl. [PGM 1, 76 an ἄ. as a star fr. heaven; 4, 570ff; 998; 1112; 13, 329; 585; 609; 744]. Cp. the ins APF 3, 1906, 445 no. 67; 451 no. 94. The more common term in polytheistic lit. for beings intermediate between gods and humans is δαίμων [q.v.], which monotheistic writers reserved for reference to a realm hostile to God’s interests, while retaining the term ἄ. for intermediate beings, either those loyal to God or those in rebellion [s. c].)

ⓐ as messengers of God, angels (LXX; Philo, Somn. 1, 190; transcendent messengers of the gods in Hom. are not intermediate beings. Yet the description of Hermes, the κῆρυξ τῶν θεῶν, as their ἄγγελος ἄριστος [Diod S 5, 75, 2] may have made it easier for Gr-Romans in general to understand ἄ. as God’s heavenly messenger; cp. the messenger of the god Men: EA 18, ’91 p. 92f, no. 2, 5f [lit.]) mostly w. gen.: κυρίου (Gen 16:10f al.) Mt 1:20; 2:13, 19; Lk 1:11; 2:9; Ac 5:19; 12:7, 23. τοῦ θεοῦ (Gen 31:11; 32:2 al.; Philo, Deus Imm. 1; Jos., Bell. 5, 388) Lk 12:8f; 15:10; J 1:51 (HWindisch, ZNW 30, ’31, 215–33; also s. below on Lk. 2:15). ἄ. θεοῦ (Gen 21:17 A; Judg 13:6 B; Jos., Ant. 1, 73; Orig., C. Cels. 8, 31, 18) Gal 4:14; Hb 1:6 (Ps 96:7; Dt 32:43); 1 Cl 29:2 (Dt 32:8). Abs. (Num 20:16; Judg 13:11; Tob 6:4ff al.) Lk 1:13, 18, 38; 2:10, 13, 15, 21; J 20:12; Ac 7:53; 1 Ti 3:16; 1 Pt 1:12 (in wordplay on the superiority of human beings to angels s. Sextus 32; on their status and classification s. also Orig., C. Cels. 4, 29, 16) al. ἅγιοι ἄ. (PGM 4, 1934, 1938) Mk 8:38; Lk 9:26; Ac 10:22; Rv 14:10; 1 Cl 39:7 (Job 5:1); Hv 2, 2, 7; ἐκλεκτοὶ ἄ. 1 Ti 5:21 (ἄ. as witnesses so TestLevi 19:3 and SIG 1181, 10=Dssm. LO 351–62 [LAE 413–24]; cp. Jos., Bell. 2, 401); ἄ. ἰσχυρός (cp. Da 4:13; Ps 102:20) Rv 5:2; 18:21. Their abode is heaven, and so they are ἄ. τῶν οὐρανῶν Mt 24:36 (unless οὐρ.=θεοῦ); ἄ. ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς Mk 12:25; ἄ. ἐν οὐρανῷ 13:32; ἄ. ἐξ οὐρανοῦ Gal 1:8, cp. Mt 22:30; 28:2; Lk 22:43. They return to heaven when they have fulfilled their mission on earth 2:15. Hence ἄ. φωτός (cp. SJCh 78, 17) 2 Cor 11:14; ἄ. φωταγωγοί B 18:1. There the good are united w. them after death Hv 2, 2, 7; Hs 9, 27, 3. They appear in dazzling light Lk 2:9; Ac 7:30 (Ex 3:2); ISm 6:1; cp. the ‘shining face’ of Ac 6:15; or in white garments J 20:12; cp. Mt 28:3; Lk 24:4. Called πνεύματα Hb 1:7; 1 Cl 36:3 (both after Ps 103:4). πνεύματα λειτουργικά serving spirits Hb 1:14. Their voice is like thunder J 12:29; γλῶσσαι τῶν ἀ. language of angels 1 Cor 13:1 (after the analogy of the languages of the gods, Plato in Clem. Al., Strom. 1, 143; cp. 2 Cor 12:4; Rv 14:2f; TestJob 48–50; GSteindorff, Apk. d. Elias: TU 17, 3a, 1899, 153). They bring messages fr. God to men Lk 1:11f; Mt 28:2ff, and were also active in the giving of the law νόμος διαταγεὶς διʼ ἀγγέλων Gal 3:19; cp. Ac 7:38, 53; Hb 2:2 (Jos., Ant. 15, 136 τῶν ἐν τοῖς νόμοις διʼ ἀγγέλων παρὰ τ. θεοῦ μαθόντων; cp. Did., Gen. 110, 15 κἂν γὰρ διὰ ὑπουργῶν ἀγγέλων ποιῇ ἃ βούλεται θεός). As guardian angels of individuals (Tob 5:6, 22; cp. PGM 1, 172ff; Ael. Aristid. 50, 57 K.=26 p. 519 D.: ὁ σὸς Ἑρμῆς ἐστιν, to whom Aristid. has been entrusted since his birth) Mt 18:10 (PBarry, ET 23, 1912, 182); Ac 12:15 (JMoulton, JTS 3, 1902, 514–27, ET 14, 1903, 5ff); Lk 4:10 (Ps 90:11); Hv 5:1f. They conduct the blessed dead into heaven Lk 16:22 (Hermes does this acc. to Pythag. [Diog. L. 8, 31]); instruct humans to do good Hv 3, 5, 4; δικαιοσύνης m 6, 2, 1 (ParJer 8:12); rejoice at the repentance of a sinner Lk 15:10; cp. the ἄ. τῆς μετανοίας Hm 12, 4, 7; 12, 6, 1 al. They preside over various realms ἄ. ὁ ἔχων ἐξουσίαν ἐπὶ τοῦ πυρός Rv 14:18; ἄ. τῶν ὑδάτων 16:5; the four winds 7:1. God assigns them διακόσμησις γῆς Pa (4) (cp. ἄγγελοι ἐπὶ τῶν ἐξουσιῶν GrBar 12:3). An angel, Thegri, rules the animal world Hv 4, 2, 4 (Synes., Ep. 57 p. 192b δαίμονες as leaders of the grasshoppers). ἄ. τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ προφητικοῦ m 11:9; τὸν ἄ. τὸν τιμωρητήν Hs 7:6; cp. ὁ ἄ. ὁ μέγας Hs 8, 4, 1.—As creator of the world AcPlCor 1:15. On ἄ. τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν Rv 1:20, cp. 2:1, 8, 12, 18; 3:1, 7, 14 (on the textual problems associated w. these vss. s. RCharles, ICC Comm. 1920, I, clvii; clxf; II 244; RBorger, TRu 52, ’87, 42f) and s. on ἀστήρ.—Subordinate to Christ Mt 4:11; 13:41; 16:27; Hb 1:4ff (Ps 96:7; B-D-F §254, 2); 1 Pt 3:22; Rv 5:11f; glorify him J 1:51 (JFritsch “… videbitis … angelos Dei ascendentes …,” VD 37, ’59, 1–11). δώδεκα λεγιῶνας ἀ. Mt 26:53; μυριάσιν ἀ. Hb 12:22; cp. Rv 5:11. Seven principal angels (Tob 12:15) Rv 8:2, 6; 15:1, 6; 16:1; 17:1; 21:9 (GDix, The Seven Archangels and the Seven Spirits: JTS 28, 1927, 233–50). Six angels, created first, to whom the management of all creation is entrusted Hv 3, 4, 1. Angels at the Parousia Mt 24:31; 2 Th 1:7. Μιχαὴλ καὶ οἱ ἄ. αὐτοῦ Rv 12:7. Revered by people (Celsus 1, 26 Ἰουδαίους σέβειν ἀγγέλους; 5, 6) θρησκείᾳ τῶν ἀ. worship of angels Col 2:18; λατρεύειν ἀγγέλοις as a sign of Jewish piety PtK 2 p. 14, 26=Clem. Al., Strom. 6, 41 p. 452, 9. Christ as σεμνότατος ἄ. Hv 5:2; m 5, 1, 7; cp. ὁ ἅγιος ἄ. Hs 5, 4, 4 v.l.; ὁ ἔνδοξος ἄ. Hs 5, 4, 4; 7:1ff; 8, 1, 2. ὁ ἄ. κυρίου Hs 7:5; 8, 1, 2ff; called Michael in Hs 8, 3, 3, where it is to be noted that Michael was the guardian angel of God’s people (WLueken, D. Erzengel Michael 1900; MDibelius, Hdb. exc. on Hs 5, 6, 8 p. 575f).

ⓑ intermediate beings gener., w. no ref. to their relation to God (opp. ἄνθρωποι; s. 2 above immediately before a) 1 Cor 4:9 (cp. TestJos 19:9 ἔχαιρον ἐπʼ αὐτῷ οἱ ἄγγελοι κ. οἱ ἄνθρωποι κ. πᾶσα ἡ γῆ).—Ro 8:38 ἄ. as serving spirit-powers seem to be differentiated fr. the ἀρχαί, who rule.

ⓒ evil spirits (Lactant., Inst. 2, 15, 8 daemonas Trismegistus ἀγγέλους πονηρούς appellat. Cp. also Job 1:6; 2:1; Philo, Gig. 16; TestAsh 6:4; PGM 4, 2701; αἱ πονηραὶ δυνάμεις, διάβολος καὶ οἱ ἄγγελοι αὐτοῦ Did., Gen. 45, 5; ADieterich, Nekyia 1893, 60f) τῷ διαβόλῳ καὶ τοῖς ἀγγέλοις αὐτοῦ Mt 25:41; cp. Rv 12:9. ὁ δράκων καὶ οἱ ἄ. αὐτοῦ vs. 7; ἄ. τῆς ἀβύσσου 9:11 (s. Ἀβαδδών); ἄ. πονηρός B 9:4; ἄ. τῆς πονηρίας in contrast to guardian angels Hm 6, 2, 1; ἄ. Σατανᾶ, which causes physical pain 2 Cor 12:7; esp. called ἄ. τρυφῆς καὶ ἀπάτης Hs 6, 2, 1f; leading men into evil B 18:1. Of the angels’ fall and their punishment (cp., in the opinion of many, Gen 6:2; En 6ff; 54; Book of Jubilees 5; SyrBar 56:13; LJung, Fallen Angels in Jewish, Christian, and Mohammedan Lit. 1926; ALods, Congr. d’Hist. du Christ. I 29–54) ὁ θεὸς ἀγγέλων ἁμαρτησάντων οὐκ ἐφείσατο 2 Pt 2:4; ἀ. τοὺς μὴ τηρήσαντας τὴν ἑαυτῶν ἀρχήν who did not keep to their proper domain (s. ἀρχή 7) Jd 6. From the pass. already quoted above w. Gen. 6:2 (cp. also TestReub 5:3; Jos., Ant. 1, 73 ἄγγελοι θεοῦ γυναιξὶ συνιόντες; and polytheists’ concept of erotic desires of transcendent beings: HUsener, Weihnachtsfest² 1911, 74f; Rtzst., Poim. 228ff. Herr der Grösse 14f; and GJs 14:1) some conclude that the angels were subject to erotic desires; this is held to explain the regulation that women are to wear a veil in church services, since angels are present (cp. Origen, Orat. 31 and Ps 137:1 ἐναντίον ἀγγέλων ψαλῶ σοι) 1 Cor 11:10 (for another view and for the lit. s. ἐξουσία 7; s. also JFitzmyer, [Qumran angelology] NTS 4, ’57/58, 48–58; LJervis, JBL 112, ’93, 243–45: angels mediate God’s presence). In 6:3 οὐκ οἴδατε, ὅτι ἀγγέλους κρινοῦμεν; it is not certain whether only fallen angels are meant; θρησκείᾳ τῶν ἀ. worship of angels Col 2:18 polemicizes against what appears to be a type of gnostic reverence for angels. (On Qumran angelology s. Fitzmyer, cited above.)—OEverling, D. paulinische Angelologie u. Dämonologie 1888; Dibelius, Geisterwelt 1909; GKurze, D. Engels-u. Teufels-glaube d. Ap. Pls 1915; MJones, St Paul and the Angels: Exp. 8th ser., 16, 1921, 356–70; 412–25; EPeterson, D. Buch von den Engeln ’35; JMichl, D. Engelvorstellungen in Apk I ’37; ELangton, The Angel Teaching of the NT ’37; JBernardin, JBL 57, ’38, 273–79; ESchick, D. Botschaft der Engel im NT ’40; WMichaelis, Z. Engelchristol. im Urchristent. ’42; GHatzidakis, Ἄγγελος u. Verwandtes: SBWienAk 173, 1914.—B. 1486. DELG. DDD 81–96 (lit.). M-M. New Docs 5, 72f. TW. Sv.

εὐπρᾱγ-ία, [dialect] Ion. [full] εὐπρηγίη, ἡ, Eus.Mynd.59:—

A welfare, success, Pi.O.8.14, P.7.16, Antipho 2.4.9, Th.5.46, etc.: pl., Id.1.84,4.17, Pl.Lg. 732c, Isoc.9.42.

II well doing, opp. mere success, Pl.Alc.1.116b, Euthd. 281b; περὶ αὐλημάτων εὐ. ib. 279e, cf. Prt. 345a; good deeds, services, Arist.Rh. 1367a4 (pl.); cf. εὐπραξία.

ὑπουργ-έω, [dialect] Ion. [full] ὑποργέω,

A like ὑπηρετέω, render service or help to one, assist, c. dat., Hdt.8.110, Democr.255, PCair.Zen.176.297 (iii B. C.), etc.;

ὑ. τισὶ ἔργῳ Th.6.88

:—[voice] Pass.,

μὴ κάμνων ὑπὸ καμνόντων ὑ.

receive assistance,

Epict.Gnom.Fr.24

.

2 c. acc. rei, χρηστὰ ὑ. (sc. τοῖς Ἀθηναίοισι) do them good service, Hdt.8.143, cf. 7.38, S.Aj. 681, El. 461, Ph. 143 (lyr.), Antipho 4.3.4, Th.7.62;

τὰ δίκαια Gorg. Fr.21

;

ὑ. χάριν τινί A.Pr. 635

, E.Alc. 842; of a woman,

τισὶ ὑ. πρὸς χάριν Anaxil.21.2

; furnish,

βεβαίαν κατάληψιν Aristid.Quint.1.3

:— [voice] Pass., τὰ ὑποργημένα services done or rendered, Hdt.9.109.

3 abs., S.Ph.53; τὰ τῆς κοιλίης ὑ. do their duty, Hp.Morb.3.15.

4 c. dat. rei, assist or promote, τῇ καθάρσει ibid.

ἀνταποδότης, ου, ὁ (s. ἀνταποδίδωμι; Jer 28:56 Sym.) one who gives in return for services rendered, recompenser, paymaster ὁ τοῦ μισθοῦ καλὸς ἀ. the good paymaster D 4:7; B 19:11.

ἀτάκτως (since Thu. 3, 108, 3; PFay 337, 16 [II A.D.]; POxy 842; PGM 4, 2628; Philo, Sacr. Abel. 45; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 151) adv. of ἄτακτος in defiance of good order, disorderly, holding religious services without regard to established times arbitrarily 1 Cl 40:2 (w. εἰκῇ ‘at random’). ἀτάκτως περιπατεῖν behave irresponsibly 2 Th 3:6 (Isocr. 2m 31 ἀ. ζῆν) apparently without respect for established custom or received instruction, as the qualifying clause καὶ … ἡμῶν indicates (cp. Mk 7:5), 11; the specific manner in which the irresponsible behavior manifests itself is described in the context: freeloading, sponging.—On contractual obligations in the Rom. world s. PCsillag, The Problems of Labour Relations in Roman Law: Oikumene 2, ’78, 239–63. DELG s.v. τάσσω. TW. Spicq.